Cardiomyopathy: NCLEX Priorities
Dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. HCM as sudden death cause in young athletes.
Three main cardiomyopathies. NCLEX tests HCM in young athletes and dilated as the most common.
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Most common. Enlarged, weak ventricles. HF symptoms. Causes: idiopathic, viral, alcohol, peripartum, chemo. Treat as HFrEF.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
Thickened septum, LV outflow obstruction. Sudden cardiac death risk, especially in young athletes. Avoid dehydration, intense exertion. Beta-blocker, ICD if high risk.
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Stiff ventricles, normal contraction but poor filling. Causes: amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, hemochromatosis. Treat underlying.
Frequently asked
Young athlete syncope, concern?
HCM workup. Echo. Family history.
Peripartum cardiomyopathy?
Late pregnancy to 5 months postpartum. May recover; recurrence risk in future pregnancies.
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